1.python常ç¨ä»£ç ï¼
python常ç¨ä»£ç ï¼
Pythonä¸ç常ç¨å ç½®å½æ°æåªäºå¢ï¼
ï¼1ï¼Lambdaå½æ°
ç¨äºå建å¿åå½æ°ï¼å³æ²¡æå称çå½æ°ãå®åªæ¯ä¸ä¸ªè¡¨è¾¾å¼ï¼å½æ°ä½æ¯defç®åå¾å¤ãå½æ们éè¦å建ä¸ä¸ªå½æ°æ¥æ§è¡å个æä½å¹¶ä¸å¯ä»¥å¨ä¸è¡ä¸ç¼åæ¶ï¼å°±å¯ä»¥ç¨å°å¿åå½æ°äºã
Lamdbaç主ä½æ¯ä¸ä¸ªè¡¨è¾¾å¼ï¼èä¸æ¯ä¸ä¸ªä»£ç åãä» ä» è½å¨lambda表达å¼ä¸å°è£ æéçé»è¾è¿å»ã
å©ç¨Lamdbaå½æ°ï¼å¾å¾å¯ä»¥å°ä»£ç ç®å许å¤ã
ï¼2ï¼Mapå½æ°
ä¼å°ä¸ä¸ªå½æ°æ å°å°ä¸ä¸ªè¾å ¥å表çææå ç´ ä¸ï¼æ¯å¦æ们å å建äºä¸ä¸ªå½æ°æ¥è¿åä¸ä¸ªå¤§åçè¾å ¥åè¯ï¼ç¶åå°æ¤å½æ°åºæå°å表colorsä¸çææå ç´ ã
æ们è¿å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç¨å¿åå½æ°lamdbaæ¥é åmapå½æ°ï¼è¿æ ·å¯ä»¥æ´å ç²¾ç®ã
ï¼3ï¼Reduceå½æ°
å½éè¦å¯¹ä¸ä¸ªå表è¿è¡ä¸äºè®¡ç®å¹¶è¿åç»ææ¶ï¼reduce()æ¯ä¸ªé常æç¨çå½æ°ã举个ä¾åï¼å½éè¦è®¡ç®ä¸ä¸ªæ´æ°å表ææå ç´ çä¹ç§¯æ¶ï¼å³å¯ä½¿ç¨reduceå½æ°å®ç°ã
å®ä¸å½æ°çæ大çåºå«å°±æ¯ï¼reduce()éçæ å°å½æ°(function)æ¥æ¶ä¸¤ä¸ªåæ°ï¼èmapæ¥æ¶ä¸ä¸ªåæ°ã
ï¼4ï¼enumerateå½æ°
ç¨äºå°ä¸ä¸ªå¯éåçæ°æ®å¯¹è±¡(å¦å表ãå ç»æå符串)ç»å为ä¸ä¸ªç´¢å¼åºåï¼åæ¶ååºæ°æ®åæ°æ®ä¸æ ï¼ä¸è¬ç¨å¨for循ç¯å½ä¸ã
å®ç两个åæ°ï¼ä¸ä¸ªæ¯åºåãè¿ä»£å¨æå ¶ä»æ¯æè¿ä»£å¯¹è±¡;å¦ä¸ä¸ªæ¯ä¸æ èµ·å§ä½ç½®ï¼é»è®¤æ åµä»0å¼å§ï¼ä¹å¯ä»¥èªå®ä¹è®¡æ°å¨çèµ·å§ç¼å·ã
ï¼5ï¼Zipå½æ°
ç¨äºå°å¯è¿ä»£ç对象ä½ä¸ºåæ°ï¼å°å¯¹è±¡ä¸å¯¹åºçå ç´ æå æä¸ä¸ªä¸ªå ç»ï¼ç¶åè¿åç±è¿äºå ç»ç»æçå表
å½æ们使ç¨zip()å½æ°æ¶ï¼å¦æå个è¿ä»£å¨çå ç´ ä¸ªæ°ä¸ä¸è´ï¼åè¿åå表é¿åº¦ä¸æçç对象ç¸åã
pythonå¿ èå ¥é¨ä»£ç æ¯ä»ä¹
pythonå¿ èå ¥é¨ä»£ç å举å¦ä¸ï¼
1ã大å第ä¸ä¸ªåæ¯ã以ä¸ä»£ç åä¼ä½¿ç¨title()æ¹æ³ï¼ä»è大åå符串ä¸æ¯ä¸ä¸ªåè¯çé¦åæ¯ã
s="programmingisawesome"
print(s.title())
#ProgrammingIsAwesome
2ãå符å ç´ ç»æå¤å®ãæ£æ¥ä¸¤ä¸ªå符串çç»æå ç´ æ¯ä¸æ¯ä¸æ ·çã
fromcollectionsimportCounter
defanagram(first,港湾有巢夺宝源码second):
returnCounter(first)==Counter(second)
anagram("abcd3","3acdb")#True
3ãæå°N次å符串ã该代ç åä¸éè¦å¾ªç¯è¯å¥å°±è½æå°N次å符串ã
n=2
s="Programming"
print(s*n)
#ProgrammingProgramming
æ³äºè§£æ´å¤æå ³pythonç详æ ï¼æ¨èå¨è¯¢è¾¾å æè²ãè¾¾å æè²è´åäºé¢åITäºèç½è¡ä¸ï¼å¹å »è½¯ä»¶å¼åå·¥ç¨å¸ãæµè¯å·¥ç¨å¸ãUI设计å¸ãç½ç»è¥éå·¥ç¨å¸ãä¼è®¡çèåºäººæï¼ç®åå·²å¨åä¸æµ·å¹¿æ·±ç个大ä¸åå¸æç«äºå®¶å¦ä¹ ä¸å¿ï¼æ´æ¯ä¸å¤å®¶ä¼ä¸ç¾è®¢äººæå¹å »åè®®ï¼å ¨é¢å©åå¦åæ´å¥½å°±ä¸ãæå ´è¶£çè¯ç¹å»æ¤å¤ï¼å è´¹å¦ä¹ ä¸ä¸
Python常ç¨çæ£å表达å¼å¤çå½æ°è¯¦è§£æ£å表达å¼æ¯ä¸ä¸ªç¹æ®çå符åºåï¼ç¨äºç®æ´è¡¨è¾¾ä¸ç»å符串ç¹å¾ï¼æ£æ¥ä¸ä¸ªå符串æ¯å¦ä¸æç§æ¨¡å¼å¹é ï¼ä½¿ç¨èµ·æ¥ååæ¹ä¾¿ã
å¨Pythonä¸ï¼æ们éè¿è°ç¨reåºæ¥ä½¿ç¨re模åï¼
importre
ä¸é¢ä»ç»Python常ç¨çæ£å表达å¼å¤çå½æ°ã
re.matchå½æ°
re.matchå½æ°ä»å符串çèµ·å§ä½ç½®å¹é æ£å表达å¼ï¼è¿åmatch对象ï¼å¦æä¸æ¯èµ·å§ä½ç½®å¹é æåçè¯ï¼match()å°±è¿åNoneã
re.match(pattern,string,flags=0)
patternï¼å¹é çæ£å表达å¼ã
stringï¼å¾ å¹é çå符串ã
flagsï¼æ å¿ä½ï¼ç¨äºæ§å¶æ£å表达å¼çå¹é æ¹å¼ï¼å¦ï¼æ¯å¦åºå大å°åï¼å¤è¡å¹é ççãå ·ä½åæ°ä¸ºï¼
re.Iï¼å¿½ç¥å¤§å°åã
re.Lï¼è¡¨ç¤ºç¹æ®å符é\w,\W,\b,\B,\s,\Sä¾èµäºå½åç¯å¢ã
re.Mï¼å¤è¡æ¨¡å¼ã
re.Sï¼å³.ï¼å¹¶ä¸å æ¬æ¢è¡ç¬¦å¨å çä»»æå符ï¼.ä¸å æ¬æ¢è¡ç¬¦ï¼ã
re.Uï¼è¡¨ç¤ºç¹æ®å符é\w,\W,\b,\B,\d,\D,\s,\Sä¾èµäºUnicodeå符å±æ§æ°æ®åºã
re.Xï¼ä¸ºäºå¢å å¯è¯»æ§ï¼å¿½ç¥ç©ºæ ¼å#åé¢ç注éã
import?re#ä»èµ·å§ä½ç½®å¹é r1=re.match('abc','abcdefghi')print(r1)#ä¸ä»èµ·å§ä½ç½®å¹é r2=re.match('def','abcdefghi')print(r2)
è¿è¡ç»æï¼
å ¶ä¸ï¼span表示å¹é æåçæ´ä¸ªå串çç´¢å¼ã
使ç¨group(num)ægroups()å¹é 对象å½æ°æ¥è·åå¹é 表达å¼ã
group(num)ï¼å¹é çæ´ä¸ªè¡¨è¾¾å¼çå符串ï¼group()å¯ä»¥ä¸æ¬¡è¾å ¥å¤ä¸ªç»å·ï¼è¿æ¶å®å°è¿åä¸ä¸ªå å«é£äºç»æ对åºå¼çå ç»ã
groups()ï¼è¿åä¸ä¸ªå å«ææå°ç»å符串çå ç»ï¼ä»1å°æå«çå°ç»å·ã
import?res='This?is?a?demo'r1=re.match(r'(.*)?is?(.*)',s)r2=re.match(r'(.*)?is?(.*?)',s)print(r1.group())print(r1.group(1))print(r1.group(2))print(r1.groups())print()print(r2.group())print(r2.group(1))print(r2.group(2))print(r2.groups())
è¿è¡ç»æï¼
ä¸è¿°ä»£ç ä¸ç(.*)å(.*?)表示æ£å表达å¼ç贪婪å¹é ä¸é贪婪å¹é ã
re.searchå½æ°
re.searchå½æ°æ«ææ´ä¸ªå符串并è¿å第ä¸ä¸ªæåçå¹é ï¼å¦æå¹é æååè¿åmatch对象ï¼å¦åè¿åNoneã
re.search(pattern,string,flags=0)
patternï¼å¹é çæ£å表达å¼ã
stringï¼å¾ å¹é çå符串ã
flagsï¼æ å¿ä½ï¼ç¨äºæ§å¶æ£å表达å¼çå¹é æ¹å¼ï¼å¦ï¼æ¯å¦åºå大å°åï¼å¤è¡å¹é ççã
import?re#ä»èµ·å§ä½ç½®å¹é r1=re.search('abc','abcdefghi')print(r1)#ä¸ä»èµ·å§ä½ç½®å¹é r2=re.search('def','abcdefghi')print(r2)
è¿è¡ç»æï¼
使ç¨group(num)ægroups()å¹é 对象å½æ°æ¥è·åå¹é 表达å¼ã
group(num=0)ï¼å¹é çæ´ä¸ªè¡¨è¾¾å¼çå符串ï¼group()å¯ä»¥ä¸æ¬¡è¾å ¥å¤ä¸ªç»å·ï¼è¿æ¶å®å°è¿åä¸ä¸ªå å«é£äºç»æ对åºå¼çå ç»ã
groups()ï¼è¿åä¸ä¸ªå å«ææå°ç»å符串çå ç»ï¼ä»1å°æå«çå°ç»å·ã
import?res='This?is?a?demo'r1=re.search(r'(.*)?is?(.*)',s)r2=re.search(r'(.*)?is?(.*?)',s)print(r1.group())print(r1.group(1))print(r1.group(2))print(r1.groups())print()print(r2.group())print(r2.group(1))print(r2.group(2))print(r2.groups())
è¿è¡ç»æï¼
ä»ä¸é¢ä¸é¾åç°re.matchä¸re.searchçåºå«ï¼re.matchåªå¹é å符串çèµ·å§ä½ç½®ï¼åªè¦èµ·å§ä½ç½®ä¸ç¬¦åæ£å表达å¼å°±å¹é 失败ï¼ère.searchæ¯å¹é æ´ä¸ªå符串ï¼ç´å°æ¾å°ä¸ä¸ªå¹é 为æ¢ã
re.compileå½æ°
compileå½æ°ç¨äºç¼è¯æ£å表达å¼ï¼çæä¸ä¸ªæ£å表达å¼å¯¹è±¡ï¼ä¾match()åsearch()è¿ä¸¤ä¸ªå½æ°ä½¿ç¨ã
re.compile(pattern[,flags])
patternï¼ä¸ä¸ªå符串形å¼çæ£å表达å¼ã
flagsï¼å¯éï¼è¡¨ç¤ºå¹é 模å¼ï¼æ¯å¦å¿½ç¥å¤§å°åï¼å¤è¡æ¨¡å¼çã
import?re#å¹é æ°år=re.compile(r'\d+')?r1=r.match('This?is?a?demo')r2=r.match('This?is??and?That?is?',0,)r3=r.match('This?is??and?That?is?',8,)?print(r1)print(r2)print(r3)
è¿è¡ç»æï¼
findallå½æ°
æç´¢å符串ï¼ä»¥å表形å¼è¿åæ£å表达å¼å¹é çææå串ï¼å¦æ没ææ¾å°å¹é çï¼åè¿å空å表ã
éè¦æ³¨æçæ¯ï¼matchåsearchæ¯å¹é ä¸æ¬¡ï¼èfindallå¹é ææã
findall(string[,pos[,endpos]])
stringï¼å¾ å¹é çå符串ã
posï¼å¯éåæ°ï¼æå®å符串çèµ·å§ä½ç½®ï¼é»è®¤ä¸º0ã
endposï¼å¯éåæ°ï¼æå®å符串çç»æä½ç½®ï¼é»è®¤ä¸ºå符串çé¿åº¦ã
import?re#å¹é æ°år=re.compile(r'\d+')?r1=r.findall('This?is?a?demo')r2=r.findall('This?is??and?That?is?',0,)r3=r.findall('This?is??and?That?is?',0,)?print(r1)print(r2)print(r3)
è¿è¡ç»æï¼
re.finditerå½æ°
åfindall类似ï¼å¨å符串ä¸æ¾å°æ£å表达å¼æå¹é çææå串ï¼å¹¶æå®ä»¬ä½ä¸ºä¸ä¸ªè¿ä»£å¨è¿åã
re.finditer(pattern,string,flags=0)
patternï¼å¹é çæ£å表达å¼ã
stringï¼å¾ å¹é çå符串ã
flagsï¼æ å¿ä½ï¼ç¨äºæ§å¶æ£å表达å¼çå¹é æ¹å¼ï¼å¦æ¯å¦åºå大å°åï¼å¤è¡å¹é çã
import?re?r=re.finditer(r'\d+','This?is??and?That?is?')for?i?in?r:print?(i.group())
è¿è¡ç»æï¼
re.splitå½æ°
å°ä¸ä¸ªå符串æç §æ£å表达å¼å¹é çå串è¿è¡åå²åï¼ä»¥å表形å¼è¿åã
re.split(pattern,string[,maxsplit=0,flags=0])
patternï¼å¹é çæ£å表达å¼ã
stringï¼å¾ å¹é çå符串ã
maxsplitï¼åå²æ¬¡æ°ï¼maxsplit=1åå²ä¸æ¬¡ï¼é»è®¤ä¸º0ï¼ä¸é次æ°ã
flagsï¼æ å¿ä½ï¼ç¨äºæ§å¶æ£å表达å¼çå¹é æ¹å¼ï¼å¦ï¼æ¯å¦åºå大å°åï¼å¤è¡å¹é çã
import?re?r1=re.split('\W+','This?is??and?That?is?')?r2=re.split('\W+','This?is??and?That?is?',maxsplit=1)?r3=re.split('\d+','This?is??and?That?is?')?r4=re.split('\d+','This?is??and?That?is?',maxsplit=1)?print(r1)print(r2)print(r3)print(r4)
è¿è¡ç»æï¼
re.subå½æ°
re.subå½æ°ç¨äºæ¿æ¢å符串ä¸çå¹é 项ã
re.sub(pattern,repl,string,count=0,flags=0)
patternï¼æ£åä¸ç模å¼å符串ã
replï¼æ¿æ¢çå符串ï¼ä¹å¯ä¸ºä¸ä¸ªå½æ°ã
stringï¼è¦è¢«æ¥æ¾æ¿æ¢çåå§å符串ã
countï¼æ¨¡å¼å¹é åæ¿æ¢çæ大次æ°ï¼é»è®¤0表示æ¿æ¢ææçå¹é ã
import?re?r='This?is??and?That?is?'#?å é¤å符串ä¸çæ°år1=re.sub(r'\d+','',r)print(r1)#?å é¤éæ°åçå符串?r2=re.sub(r'\D','',r)print(r2)
è¿è¡ç»æï¼
å°æ¤è¿ç¯å ³äºPython常ç¨çæ£å表达å¼å¤çå½æ°è¯¦è§£çæç« å°±ä»ç»å°è¿äºï¼å¸æ大家以åå¤å¤æ¯æï¼
pythonå¿ èå ¥é¨ä»£ç æ¯ä»ä¹ï¼pythonå¿ èå ¥é¨ä»£ç æ¯Reversingastringusingslicingmy_string"ABCDE"reversed_string=my_string[::-1]print(reversed_string)ã
å½ä½ å®ä¹ä¸ä¸ªa=3çæ¶åï¼ç³»ç»å¨å åä¸ä¼ç»aä¸ä¸ªå°åï¼èè¿ä¸ªaå°±æ¯ä»£è¡¨ä¸ä¸ªé¨çå·ï¼ç¶åå°3ä½å¨éé¢ï¼å½ä½ è¦è°ç¨açæ¶åï¼å°±ç¸å½äºä½ åäºä¸å¥ï¼å°3ï¼åºæ¥ç©å¿äºï¼å½ä½ æ¹å¥½äºè¿ä¸ªæ¿åä¹åï¼é¨çå·aæ¯ä¸è½æ¹åçï¼ä½ä½å¨éé¢çå°3æ¯å¯ä»¥æ¢äººçï¼æ以称ä¹ä¸ºåéï¼èä¸æ¯æéã
pythonç»å
å¨ç¥ä¹åCSDNçååéï¼ç»å¸¸çå°ãå¬å°ä¸äºpythonåå¦è 说ï¼å¦å®åºç¡è¯æ³åï¼ä¸ç¥é该å¦ä»ä¹ï¼å¦äºä¹ä¸ç¥éæä¹ç¨ï¼ä¸è¸çè«ç¶ã
è¿æ¥ï¼CSDNçå ¬ä¼å·æ¨éäºä¸ç¯å客ï¼é¢ç®å«åãè¿·æï¼Pythonå¦å°ä»ä¹ç¨åº¦å¯ä»¥é¢è¯å·¥ä½ï¼ãï¼çå®åæ äºpythonç¨åºåå¨æé¿è¿ç¨ä¸çä¸äºå°æãä»å¹´å¼å§æ¥è§¦pythonè¿é¨ç¼ç¨è¯è¨ï¼ä»å¹´å¼å§åä¸ä½¿ç¨pythonåºå¯¹ææçå¼åå·¥ä½ï¼ç´è³ä»å¤©ã
å顾èªå·±çå¦ä¹ è¿ç¨ï¼ä¹æ¾ç»éå°è¿æ æ°çå°é¾ï¼ä¹æ¾ç»è¿·è«è¿ãå°æè¿ãæ¬ææå举çè¿ä¸ªæ¨¡åï¼æ¯æå¨å·¥ä½åå¦ä¹ ä¸ç¨è¿çæè æ£å¨å¦ä¹ çï¼ç®æ¯å¯¹èªå·±è¿å»å¹´çå¦ä¹ æ»ç»ãå¸æ对å¤å¨è¿·è«ä¸çç¨åºåææ帮å©ã
pythonå¿ èå ¥é¨ä»£ç æ¯ä»ä¹?å ·ä½å¦ä¸ï¼
1ãå转å符串ï¼
#Reversingastringusingslicing
my_string="ABCDEâ
reversedstring=my_string[::-1]
print(reversed_string)
#output
#EDCBA
2ã使ç¨æ é¢ç±»ï¼
my_string="mynameischaitanyabaweja"
newstring=mystring.title(
print(new_string)
#MyNameIschaitanyaBaweja
3ãæ¥æ¾å符串çå¯ä¸è¦ç´ ï¼
my_string="aavvccccddddeee"
temp_set=set(my_string)
newstring=-join(temp_set)
print(new_string)
4ãè¾åºn次å符串æå表ï¼
n=3
my_string="abcd"my_list=[1,2,3]
print(my_string*n)
print(my_list*n)
importstreamlitasst
5ãå表解æï¼
n=4
my_list=[o]*n#[o,oï¼oï¼o]
6ã两个åéä¹é´ç交æ¢å¼ï¼
original_list=[1,2,3,4]
newlist=[2*xforxinoriginal_list]
print(new_list)
#[2,4,6,8]
Pythonç»å¸¸è¢«ç¨äºWebå¼åãæ¯å¦ï¼éè¿mod_wsgi模åï¼Apacheå¯ä»¥è¿è¡ç¨Pythonç¼åçWebç¨åºãPythonå®ä¹äºWSGIæ ååºç¨æ¥å£æ¥åè°Httpæå¡å¨ä¸åºäºPythonçWebç¨åºä¹é´çéä¿¡ãä¸äºWebæ¡æ¶ï¼å¦Django,TurboGears,web2py,Zopeçï¼å¯ä»¥è®©ç¨åºåè½»æ¾å°å¼åå管çå¤æçWebç¨åºã
å¨å¾å¤æä½ç³»ç»éï¼Pythonæ¯æ åçç³»ç»ç»ä»¶ã大å¤æ°Linuxåè¡ç以åNetBSDãOpenBSDåMacOSXé½éæäºPythonï¼å¯ä»¥å¨ç»ç«¯ä¸ç´æ¥è¿è¡Pythonã
åºç¨èå´ï¼
æä¸äºLinuxåè¡ççå®è£ å¨ä½¿ç¨Pythonè¯è¨ç¼åï¼æ¯å¦UbuntuçUbiquityå®è£ å¨,RedHatLinuxåFedoraçAnacondaå®è£ å¨ã
GentooLinux使ç¨Pythonæ¥ç¼åå®çPortageå 管çç³»ç»ãPythonæ ååºå å«äºå¤ä¸ªè°ç¨æä½ç³»ç»åè½çåºã
éè¿pywinè¿ä¸ªç¬¬ä¸æ¹è½¯ä»¶å ï¼Pythonè½å¤è®¿é®WindowsçCOMæå¡åå ¶å®WindowsAPIã
使ç¨IronPythonï¼Pythonç¨åºè½å¤ç´æ¥è°ç¨.NetFrameworkãä¸è¬è¯´æ¥ï¼Pythonç¼åçç³»ç»ç®¡çèæ¬å¨å¯è¯»æ§ãæ§è½ã代ç éç¨åº¦ãæ©å±æ§å æ¹é¢é½ä¼äºæ®éçshellèæ¬ã
pythonæ°æ代ç æåªäºï¼pythonæ°æ代ç æå¦ä¸ï¼
defnot_emptyï¼sï¼ã
returnsandlenï¼sãstripï¼ï¼ï¼0ã
#returnsandsãstripï¼ï¼ã
#å¦æç´æ¥ååsãstripï¼ï¼é£ä¹så¦ææ¯Noneï¼ä¼æ¥éï¼å 为None没æstripæ¹æ³ã
#å¦æsæ¯Noneï¼é£ä¹Noneandä»»ä½å¼é½æ¯Falseï¼ç´æ¥è¿åfalseã
#å¦æséNoneï¼é£ä¹å¤å®sãtripï¼ï¼æ¯å¦ä¸ºç©ºã
ç¸å ³ç®ä»ã
Python解éå¨æäºæ©å±ï¼å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç¨CæC++ï¼æè å ¶ä»å¯ä»¥éè¿Cè°ç¨çè¯è¨ï¼æ©å±æ°çåè½åæ°æ®ç±»åãPythonä¹å¯ç¨äºå¯å®å¶å软件ä¸çæ©å±ç¨åºè¯è¨ãPython丰å¯çæ ååºï¼æä¾äºéç¨äºå个主è¦ç³»ç»å¹³å°çæºç ææºå¨ç ã
å¹´æï¼è¯è¨æµè¡ææ°çç¼è¯å¨Tiobeå°Pythonå å为æå欢è¿çç¼ç¨è¯è¨ï¼å¹´æ¥é¦æ¬¡å°å ¶ç½®äºJavaãCåJavaScriptä¹ä¸ã